December 2025

t-tests are great at one thing: two-group comparisons. The moment you care about three or more conditions, t-tests turn into a whack-a-mole of pairwise guesses, each swing adding error. ANOVA reframes the puzzle. Instead of asking six small questions, it asks one: do these group means differ more than we’d expect from within-group noise? That […]

If one test risks a 5% false positive, what happens when you run ten? You don’t get ten times the truth… you get nearly a coin-flip chance of fooling yourself. Multiple testing quietly inflates Type I error… turning noise into “discoveries.” The fix isn’t magical; it’s methodological. Either adjust your alpha (Bonferroni, Holm, FDR) or