- One-Tailed On Purpose
Sometimes the direction doesn’t matter… distance does. How far from “what we’d expect” are we? That’s the question. Deviation is the story. In a noisy world, clarity is leverage. Measure the gap. Then decide what to do about the gap.
- Expected ≠ Equal
Your baseline isn’t always “all is equal”. Sometimes the world is already tilted. Use the real base rate, not the convenient one. Fake neutrality creates fake fairness. Start where reality is. Then test what should change.
- The Courage to Rename
Renaming isn’t cosmetic. It’s ethical. Labels are interfaces. Good interfaces reduce error. If people can read the table, they can challenge it. That’s how truth improves. Name things like you want them remembered.
- Design Before Decide
If your categories ignore policy, your conclusions will ignore truth. Method is moral. Build the bins to match the mechanism. Then decide.
- Residuals > Rumors
Opinions are loud. Cell-level mismatches are receipts. Want movement? Point to the specific imbalance and push there. Less heat. More light.
- Compounding Starts Small
One extra rep. One early nod. One easier path. Tiny advantages stack into outcomes. Equity work is early-stage work. Intervene before the snowball rolls.
- Teach the Map
Observed. Expected. Residual. Degrees of freedom. Decision rule. Five steps, one journey. If students can narrate this path in plain words, they can use data to change systems.
- Fairness as a Product Spec
If school, hiring, or tryouts were software, birth-month bias and gatekeeping would be bugs. File the ticket. Rewrite the logic. Ship the update. Data is your QA.
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